Self Consistent Expansion for the Molecular Beam Epitaxy Equation

Motivated by a controversy over the correct results derived from the dynamic renormalization group (DRG) analysis of the non linear molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) equation, a self-consistent expansion (SCE) for the non linear MBE theory is considered. The scaling exponents are obtained for spatially correlated noise of the general form $D({\vec r - \vec r',t - t'}) = 2D_0 | {\vec r - \vec r'} |^{2\rho - d} \delta ({t - t'})$. I find a lower critical dimension $d_c (\rho) = 4 + 2\rho$, above, which the linear MBE solution appears. Below the lower critical dimension a r-dependent strong-coupling solution is found. These results help to resolve the controversy over the correct exponents that describe non linear MBE, using a reliable method that proved itself in the past by predicting reasonable results for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) system, where DRG failed to do so.Comment: 16 page

Clustering properties of a generalised critical Euclidean network

Many real-world networks exhibit scale-free feature, have a small diameter and a high clustering tendency. We have studied the properties of a growing network, which has all these features, in which an incoming node is connected to its $i$th predecessor of degree $k_i$ with a link of length $\ell$ using a probability proportional to $k^\beta_i \ell^{\alpha}$. For $\alpha > -0.5$, the network is scale free at $\beta = 1$ with the degree distribution $P(k) \propto k^{-\gamma}$ and $\gamma = 3.0$ as in the Barab\'asi-Albert model ($\alpha =0, \beta =1$). We find a phase boundary in the $\alpha-\beta$ plane along which the network is scale-free. Interestingly, we find scale-free behaviour even for $\beta > 1$ for $\alpha < -0.5$ where the existence of a new universality class is indicated from the behaviour of the degree distribution and the clustering coefficients. The network has a small diameter in the entire scale-free region. The clustering coefficients emulate the behaviour of most real networks for increasing negative values of $\alpha$ on the phase boundary.Comment: 4 pages REVTEX, 4 figure

Diffusive Capture Process on Complex Networks

We study the dynamical properties of a diffusing lamb captured by a diffusing lion on the complex networks with various sizes of $N$. We find that the life time $of a lamb scales as \sim N$ and the survival probability $S(N\to \infty,t)$ becomes finite on scale-free networks with degree exponent $\gamma>3$. However, $S(N,t)$ for $\gamma<3$ has a long-living tail on tree-structured scale-free networks and decays exponentially on looped scale-free networks. It suggests that the second moment of degree distribution $is the relevant factor for the dynamical properties in diffusive capture process. We numerically find that the normalized number of capture events at a node with degree$k$,$n(k)$, decreases as$n(k)\sim k^{-\sigma}$. When$\gamma<3$,$n(k)$still increases anomalously for$k\approx k_{max}$. We analytically show that$n(k)$satisfies the relation$n(k)\sim k^2P(k)$and the total number of capture events$N_{tot}$is proportional to$, which causes the $\gamma$ dependent behavior of $S(N,t)$ and $.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

A Scaling-up Synthesis From Laboratory Scale to Pilot Scale and to Near Commercial Scale for Paste-Glue Production

This paper concerns on developing a synthesis method of paste-glue production for gummed tape using a corn-based starch as an alternative feedstock from laboratory-scale to pilot-scale and to near commercial scale. Basically, two methods of synthesis were developed to produce paste-glue in laboratory scale. Based on the two methods, we then scale-up the earlier laboratory scale data to pilot-scale and near commercial-scale for developing a large scale process production of paste-glue. Scaling up production from 1,000 ml reactor to 500 L pilot-scale reactor and 1,500 L near commercial scale reactor, we monitored pathway of temperature increase during reaction as well as adjustment of operating condition conducted for laboratory experimental data in order to produce a good quality of paste-glue. Some scaling up parameters have been found as well as critical parameters for a good product quality such as viscosity and ceiling temperature of the reaction which are very crucial in order to give optimum operating condition. We have selected synthesis method of paste-glue production and found the range of the parameters in order to produce a very good quality of paste-glue in pilot scale and near commercial scale

A Study on the Tritium Behavior in the Rice Plant after a Short-Term Exposure of HTO

In many Asian countries including Korea, rice is a very important food crop. Its grain is consumed by humans and its straw is used to feed animals. In Korea, there are four CANDU type reactors that release relatively large amounts of tritium into the environment. Since 1997, KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) has carried out the experimental studies to obtain domestic data on various parameters concerning the direct contamination of plant. In this study, the behavior of tritium in the rice plant is predicted and compared with the measurement performed at KAERI. Using the conceptual model of the soil-plant-atmosphere tritiated water transport system which was suggested by Charles E. Murphy, tritium concentrations in the soil and in leaves to time were derived. If the effect of tritium concentration in the soil is considered, the tritium concentration in leaves is described as a double exponential model. On the other hand if the tritium concentration in the soil is disregarded, the tritium concentration in leaves is described by a single exponential term as other models (e.g. Belot's or STAR-H3 model). Also concentration of organically bound tritium in the seed is predicted and compared with measurements. The results can be used to predict the tritium concentration in the rice plant at a field around the site and the ingestion dose following the release of tritium to the environment

Weighted Evolving Networks

Many biological, ecological and economic systems are best described by weighted networks, as the nodes interact with each other with varying strength. However, most network models studied so far are binary, the link strength being either 0 or 1. In this paper we introduce and investigate the scaling properties of a class of models which assign weights to the links as the network evolves. The combined numerical and analytical approach indicates that asymptotically the total weight distribution converges to the scaling behavior of the connectivity distribution, but this convergence is hampered by strong logarithmic corrections.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Dynamical surface structures in multi-particle-correlated surface growths

We investigate the scaling properties of the interface fluctuation width for the $Q$-mer and $Q$-particle-correlated deposition-evaporation models. These models are constrained with a global conservation law that the particle number at each height is conserved modulo $Q$. In equilibrium, the stationary roughness is anomalous but universal with roughness exponent $\alpha=1/3$, while the early time evolution shows nonuniversal behavior with growth exponent $\beta$ varying with models and $Q$. Nonequilibrium surfaces display diverse growing/stationary behavior. The $Q$-mer model shows a faceted structure, while the $Q$-particle-correlated model a macroscopically grooved structure.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, revte

Directly e-mailing authors of newly published papers encourages community curation

Much of the data within Model Organism Databases (MODs) comes from manual curation of the primary research literature. Given limited funding and an increasing density of published material, a significant challenge facing all MODs is how to efficiently and effectively prioritize the most relevant research papers for detailed curation. Here, we report recent improvements to the triaging process used by FlyBase. We describe an automated method to directly e-mail corresponding authors of new papers, requesting that they list the genes studied and indicate (‘flag’) the types of data described in the paper using an online tool. Based on the author-assigned flags, papers are then prioritized for detailed curation and channelled to appropriate curator teams for full data extraction. The overall response rate has been 44% and the flagging of data types by authors is sufficiently accurate for effective prioritization of papers. In summary, we have established a sustainable community curation program, with the result that FlyBase curators now spend less time triaging and can devote more effort to the specialized task of detailed data extraction

An air-stable DPP-thieno-TTF copolymer for single-material solar cell devices and field effect transistors

Following an approach developed in our group to incorporate tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units into conjugated polymeric systems, we have studied a low band gap polymer incorporating TTF as a donor component. This polymer is based on a fused thieno-TTF unit that enables the direct incorporation of the TTF unit into the polymer, and a second comonomer based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) molecule. These units represent a donor–acceptor copolymer system, p(DPP-TTF), showing strong absorption in the UV–visible region of the spectrum. An optimized p(DPP-TTF) polymer organic field effect transistor and a single material organic solar cell device showed excellent performance with a hole mobility of up to 5.3 × 10–2 cm2/(V s) and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.3%, respectively. Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices of p(DPP-TTF) blended with phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) exhibited a PCE of 1.8%